Trifluoroacetic Acid
Trifluoroacetic acid is a corrosive organofluorine compound that is structurally analogous to, but stronger than, acetic acid. Available in various quantities and reagent grades, it is used in NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, organic synthesis, etc.
Almost 100,000-fold more acidic than acetic acid, TFA is widely used in organic chemistry. TFA is used as a reagent in organic synthesis because of its properties: volatility, organic solvent solubility, and acidic strength. It is less oxidizing than sulfuric acid and is more readily available in its anhydrous form than some other acids . Other features include:
- Used in acid-catalyzed reactions, especially peptide synthesis (to cleave esters)
- Dissolves protein when mixed with liquid SO2
- Removes t-butyl derived side-chain protecting groups in Fmoc peptide synthesis
- Can remove the t-butoxycarbonyl protecting group in organic synthesis
- At low concentrations, acts as an ion-pairing agent for peptides and small proteins in organic compound liquid chromatography
- For acid-stable materials, can be a solvent for NMR spectroscopy
- Acts as a calibrant in mass spectrometry
- Used to produce trifluoroacetate salts
- An ingredient in adhesives, sealants, paints, and coatings
When TFA combines with bases and metals, especially light metals, a strong exothermic reaction occurs. When mixed with lithium aluminum hydride (LAH), the reaction is explosive.
Although nonflammable, TFA is corrosive to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes and requires careful use and handling. It is harmful when inhaled, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, and is toxic to aquatic organisms at even low concentrations.
TFA is also a product of the metabolic breakdown of the anesthetic agent halothane. It is the suspected cause of halothane-induced hepatitis.
Medchemexpress LLC LL-37 amide TFA | 99.3% | 4492.28 | 10 MG
LL-37 amide TFA is a selective agonist of formyl peptide receptor-like FPRL1, effective in inhibiting periodontal pathogens. It functions by activating FPRL1-mediated immune cell chemotaxis and disrupting bacterial cell membrane integrity. This modified form of LL-37 also regulates inflammatory responses, promotes angiogenesis, and shows improved stability and enhanced resistance to enzymatic degradation compared to natural LL-37.
- Effective against periodontal pathogens
- Activates FPRL1-mediated immune cell chemotaxis
- Disrupts bacterial cell membrane integrity
- Regulates inflammatory responses and promotes angiogenesis
- Improved stability and resistance to enzymatic degradation
- Good antibacterial effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
- Used in research for infection-related diseases and wound healing
Medchemexpress LLC GsMTx4 | 1209500-46-8 | 99.9% | 4095.84 | 500 UG
GsMTx4 is a spider venom peptide that selectively inhibits cationic-permeable mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) belonging to the Piezo and TRP channel families. It also blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels (SACs), and attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglial reactivity. GsMTx4 serves as a pharmacological tool for identifying the role of these excitatory MSCs in normal physiology and pathology.
- Selectively inhibits cationic-permeable mechanosensitive channels
- Blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels
- Attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglial reactivity
- Neuroprotective and inhibits demyelination
- Reduces mechanical allodynia induced by inflammation and sciatic nerve injury
Medchemexpress LLC CPN-351 TFA | 912.11 (free base) | 5 MG
CPN-351 TFA, a pentapeptide, acts as a selective antagonist for human NMUR1, demonstrating a pA2 of 7.35. Its antagonistic effect on human NMUR1 is significantly higher, specifically 10 times greater, than its effect on NMUR2. This compound is suitable for application in inflammation research.
- Selective antagonist of human NMUR1.
- Pentapeptide compound.
- Antagonistic effect on human NMUR1 is 10 times higher than on NMUR2.
- Used in the study of inflammation.
Medchemexpress LLC Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), human (TFA) | 98.5% | 4983.53 | 5 MG
Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), human (TFA) | 98.5% | 4983.53 | 5 MG
Medchemexpress LLC ATX-II (TFA) | 99.65% | 4934.62 (free acid) | 100 UG
ATX-II TFA is a selective sodium channel modulator toxin that enhances late sodium current, prevents full sodium channel inactivation, and generates persistent current fractions. This compound exhibits a pro-arrhythmic effect by slowing intrinsic heart rate, prolonging the QT interval and sinus node recovery time, and inducing sinus pauses and arrests. It is suitable for research related to atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome, and long QT3 syndrome.
- Enhances tetrodotoxin sensitive resurgent and persistent sodium currents in large diameter mouse DRG neurons.
- Shifts the voltage dependence of activation and steady-state fast inactivation of TTXS sodium channels to more hyperpolarized potentials.
- Increases diastolic tension and arrhythmia score in isolated rat right atrial tissue.
- Significantly increases diastolic intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in isolated rat atrial myocytes.
Medchemexpress LLC Vasculotide TFA | 99.66% | 14000 (average) | 1 MG
Vasculotide TFA is an angiopoietin-1 mimetic that activates Tie-2, inducing its phosphorylation. It exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-permeability effects, ameliorating endotoxin-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction and promoting angiogenesis in a mouse model of diabetic ulcer. It also protects mice from vascular leakage, reduces mortality in murine abdominal sepsis, and decreases microvascular leakage while improving microcirculatory perfusion in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.
- Activates Tie-2 and induces its phosphorylation
- Exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-permeability effects
- Promotes angiogenesis
- Protects against vascular leakage and reduces mortality in sepsis models
- Improves microcirculatory perfusion
- For research use only
Medchemexpress LLC Tfllr-nh2(tfa) | 1313730-19-6 | 99.6% | 761.83 | 5 MG
TFLLR-NH2 (TFA) is a selective PAR1 agonist with an EC50 of 1.9 μM, intended for research use only. It appears as a white to off-white solid.
- Acts as a selective PAR1 agonist
- Stimulates concentration-dependent increases in [Ca2+]i in neurons
- Activated platelets upregulate E-cadherin and downregulate vimentin expression in SW620 cells
- Increases secreted TGF-β1 in platelet cultures
- Injection into rat paws stimulates marked and sustained oedema
- Stimulates Evans blue extravasation in various organs in wild-type mice
- Can induce both contraction and relaxation in rat duodenal smooth muscle
- Recommended storage for powder is -80°C for 2 years or -20°C for 1 year
- Recommended storage in solvent is -80°C for 6 months or -20°C for 1 month
- High solubility in DMSO and H2O (100 mg/mL)
Medchemexpress LLC Dendrotoxin-I (TFA) | 99.9% | 7149.24 | 5 MG
Dendrotoxin-I (DTX-I) TFA is a potent K+ channel blocker with IC50s of 0.13-50 nM for voltage-gated potassium channel subunits KV1.1, KV1.2, and KV1.6. This neurotoxin has potential for cancer research.
- Potent K+ channel blocker.
- Targets voltage-gated potassium channel subunits KV1.1, KV1.2, and KV1.6.
- Potential for cancer research.
- Shows significant tumor growth inhibition effect in nude mice with MCF-7 cells when combined with hyperthermia (at 5 mg/kg IV).